{"id":1328,"date":"2026-10-13T09:30:00","date_gmt":"2026-10-13T06:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ahmetmutlu.av.tr\/?p=1328"},"modified":"2026-10-08T17:13:01","modified_gmt":"2026-10-08T14:13:01","slug":"kanun-yararina-bozma-cmk-309","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ahmetmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/2026\/10\/13\/kanun-yararina-bozma-cmk-309\/","title":{"rendered":"Kanun Yarar\u0131na Bozma (CMK 309): Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na Ba\u015fvuru, Kapsam ve Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

\n

G\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irme:

Sulh ceza h\u00e2kimli\u011fi itiraz\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 reddetti ve karar\u0131n kesin oldu\u011funu yazd\u0131. Ya da on bin liral\u0131k bir adli para cezas\u0131 verildi ve kanun bu karara istinaf yolunu kapatt\u0131. Kararda a\u00e7\u0131k bir hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz h\u00e2lde ola\u011fan bir kanun yolu kalmad\u0131ysa, g\u00fcndeme gelen yol kanun yarar\u0131na bozmad\u0131r. Ceza Muhakemesi Kanunu’nun 309 ve 310. maddelerinde d\u00fczenlenen bu yol, bireyin do\u011frudan Yarg\u0131tay’a gidebildi\u011fi bir ba\u015fvuru de\u011fildir; Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n takdirinden ge\u00e7er. Bu yaz\u0131, hangi kararlar\u0131n bu yola konu olabilece\u011fini, ba\u015fvurunun nas\u0131l yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bozma karar\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\n

Bir bak\u0131\u015fta<\/p>\n

\n
Dayanak<\/dt>\n
CMK 309, 310<\/dd>\n
Kapsam<\/dt>\n
\u0130stinaf veya temyiz incelemesinden ge\u00e7meden kesinle\u015fen karar ve h\u00fck\u00fcmler<\/dd>\n
Ba\u015fvuru yeri<\/dt>\n
Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131; Bakanl\u0131k uygun g\u00f6r\u00fcrse Yarg\u0131tay Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Yarg\u0131tay<\/dd>\n
S\u00fcre<\/dt>\n
Kanunda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f<\/dd>\n
Direnme<\/dt>\n
Bozma karar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 direnilemez (CMK 309\/5)<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n
\nBu yaz\u0131da neler var?<\/summary>\n
    \n
  1. Kanun yarar\u0131na bozma hangi kararlara kar\u015f\u0131 istenebilir?<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. Ba\u015fvuru kime ve nas\u0131l yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. Kanun yarar\u0131na bozma karar\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. Adli sicil ve infaz bu s\u00fcre\u00e7ten nas\u0131l etkilenir?<\/a><\/li>\n
  5. Kanun Yarar\u0131na Bozma \u0130\u00e7in Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m<\/a><\/li>\n
  6. Kanun yarar\u0131na bozmaya s\u0131k konu olan ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131klar nelerdir?<\/a><\/li>\n
  7. \u00d6rnek bir kanun yarar\u0131na bozma dosyas\u0131 nas\u0131l ilerler?<\/a><\/li>\n
  8. Kanun Yarar\u0131na Bozma Hakk\u0131nda Merak Edilenler<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/details>\n

    Kanun yarar\u0131na bozma hangi kararlara kar\u015f\u0131 istenebilir?<\/h2>\n

    Madde, h\u00e2kim veya mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan verilen ve istinaf veya temyiz incelemesinden ge\u00e7meksizin kesinle\u015fen karar ve h\u00fck\u00fcmleri kapsar (CMK 309\/1). \u0130ki unsur birlikte aran\u0131r: karar kesinle\u015fmi\u015f olmal\u0131 ve bir \u00fcst mahkemenin denetiminden ge\u00e7memi\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00f6lge adliye mahkemesinin veya Yarg\u0131tay’\u0131n inceledi\u011fi bir h\u00fck\u00fcm bu yolun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Uygulamada en \u00e7ok rastlanan kesinle\u015fen karar t\u00fcrleri \u015funlard\u0131r: sulh ceza h\u00e2kimliklerinin itiraz \u00fczerine verdi\u011fi kararlar, kanunen istinafa kapal\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmler, h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 kararlar\u0131na itiraz\u0131n reddi, tutuklama veya el koyma gibi koruma tedbirlerine ili\u015fkin kesin kararlar ve kabahatlere ili\u015fkin ba\u015fvurular \u00fczerine verilen kesin kararlar. Kanunen istinafa kapal\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmler aras\u0131nda, toplamda on be\u015f bin T\u00fcrk liras\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fmayan adli para cezas\u0131na mahk\u00fbmiyetler ve \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 be\u015f y\u00fcz g\u00fcn\u00fc ge\u00e7meyen adli para cezas\u0131 gerektiren su\u00e7lardan beraat h\u00fck\u00fcmleri bulunur (CMK 272\/3).<\/p>\n

    \"Kanun
    Bakanl\u0131ktan Yarg\u0131tay’a Uzanan Yol<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Karar<\/th>\nOla\u011fan yol<\/th>\nKesinle\u015fince ba\u015fvurulabilecek yol<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    \u0130stinafa kapal\u0131 adli para cezas\u0131 mahk\u00fbmiyeti<\/td>\nYok<\/td>\nKanun yarar\u0131na bozma<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Sulh ceza h\u00e2kimli\u011finin itiraz \u00fczerine verdi\u011fi karar<\/td>\nYok<\/td>\nKanun yarar\u0131na bozma<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    B\u00f6lge adliye mahkemesinin temyize kapal\u0131 karar\u0131<\/td>\n\u0130stinaf kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f<\/td>\nBAM Cumhuriyet ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n itiraz\u0131 (CMK 308\/A), bireysel ba\u015fvuru<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Yarg\u0131tay ceza dairesi karar\u0131<\/td>\nTemyiz kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f<\/td>\nYarg\u0131tay Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n itiraz\u0131 (CMK 308)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Her t\u00fcrl\u00fc kesinle\u015fmi\u015f mahk\u00fbmiyet, yeni delil varsa<\/td>\n\u2014<\/td>\nYarg\u0131laman\u0131n yenilenmesi (CMK 311)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

    Ba\u015fvuru kime ve nas\u0131l yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h2>\n

    Kanun, karar veya h\u00fck\u00fcmde hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k bulundu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frenen Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bozma istemini yasal nedenleriyle birlikte Yarg\u0131tay Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak bildirece\u011fini s\u00f6yler (CMK 309\/1). Ba\u015fsavc\u0131 bu nedenleri aynen yazarak istemi Yarg\u0131tay’\u0131n ilgili ceza dairesine verir (309\/2). Daire nedenleri yerinde g\u00f6r\u00fcrse karar\u0131 kanun yarar\u0131na bozar (309\/3).<\/p>\n

    Bireyin rol\u00fc, Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131ktan haberdar etmektir. Bunun i\u00e7in Bakanl\u0131\u011fa hitaben bir dilek\u00e7e yaz\u0131l\u0131r ve karar\u0131n kesinle\u015fme \u015ferhli \u00f6rne\u011fi eklenir. Kanunda ba\u015fvuru i\u00e7in bir s\u00fcre veya \u015fekil \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. Bakanl\u0131k talebi uygun bulmazsa Yarg\u0131tay’a g\u00f6ndermez; bu tercihe kar\u015f\u0131 kanunda d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f bir itiraz yolu yoktur. Bu nedenle dilek\u00e7e, ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k ve kanun maddesine dayanarak g\u00f6stermelidir.<\/p>\n

    Yarg\u0131tay Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131s\u0131 da ayn\u0131 yetkiyi kendili\u011finden kullanabilir; ancak bu yetki, cezan\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 veya daha hafif bir cezaya h\u00fckmedilmesini gerektiren h\u00e2llerle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. Bakanl\u0131k bir dosyada ba\u015fvurmu\u015fsa Ba\u015fsavc\u0131 ayn\u0131 dosyada art\u0131k bu yetkiyi kullanamaz (CMK 310).<\/p>\n

    \n

    Dikkat:<\/strong> Kanun yarar\u0131na bozma i\u00e7in kanunda s\u00fcre yoktur; fakat bu yol sizi ba\u015fka s\u00fcrelerden korumaz. Anayasa Mahkemesine bireysel ba\u015fvuru, ba\u015fvuru yollar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcketildi\u011fi tarihten itibaren otuz g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde yap\u0131l\u0131r (6216 m.47\/5). Bakanl\u0131ktan cevap beklerken bu s\u00fcre ge\u00e7erse bireysel ba\u015fvuru hakk\u0131 da kaybedilebilir. Hak ihlali iddian\u0131z varsa iki yolu paralel de\u011ferlendirin.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    Kanun yarar\u0131na bozma karar\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/h2>\n

    Bozman\u0131n etkisi, hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fcne g\u00f6re d\u00f6rde ayr\u0131l\u0131r (CMK 309\/4). Kanun, bu yolun h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc aleyhine sonu\u00e7 do\u011furmamas\u0131na \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterir; bu nedenle kanun yarar\u0131na bozma \u00e7o\u011fu zaman cezay\u0131 kald\u0131ran veya hafifleten bir sonu\u00e7 verir.<\/p>\n

    Beraat gibi mahk\u00fbmiyet d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan ve esas\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zen kararlarda bozma aleyhe sonu\u00e7 do\u011furmaz ve yeniden yarg\u0131lamay\u0131 gerektirmez. Yani beraat etmi\u015f bir ki\u015fi, karar\u0131n hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 bulunmas\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden yeniden yarg\u0131lanmaz. Bozma karar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 ilk derece mahkemesi direnemez (CMK 309\/5).<\/p>\n

    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Bozma nedeni<\/th>\nSonu\u00e7<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    Esas\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmeyen bir karar (CMK 223’te tan\u0131mlanan)<\/td>\nKarar\u0131 veren h\u00e2kim veya mahkeme inceleme yaparak yeniden karar verir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Mahk\u00fbmiyetin esas\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmeyen y\u00f6n\u00fc veya savunma hakk\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlayan usul i\u015flemi<\/td>\nYeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131l\u0131r; yeni ceza \u00f6ncekinden a\u011f\u0131r olamaz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Esas\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zen ama mahk\u00fbmiyet d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki h\u00fck\u00fcm (\u00f6r. beraat)<\/td>\nAleyhe sonu\u00e7 do\u011furmaz, yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmaz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Cezan\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 veya hafiflemesini gerektiren ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k<\/td>\nYarg\u0131tay ceza dairesi do\u011frudan cezay\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131r veya hafif cezaya h\u00fckmeder<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
    \"CMK
    Bozma Nedenine G\u00f6re Sonu\u00e7<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

    Adli sicil ve infaz bu s\u00fcre\u00e7ten nas\u0131l etkilenir?<\/h2>\n

    Kanun yarar\u0131na bozma sonucunda verilen beraat veya ceza verilmesine yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 karar\u0131 kesinle\u015firse, \u00f6nceki mahk\u00fbmiyete ili\u015fkin adli sicil ve ar\u015fiv kayd\u0131 tamamen silinir (5352 m.12\/3). Bu, kayd\u0131n be\u015f veya on be\u015f y\u0131l beklemeden ortadan kalkmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n

    \u0130nfaz a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ise kanunda, Bakanl\u0131\u011fa ba\u015fvurunun infaz\u0131 kendili\u011finden durduraca\u011f\u0131na dair bir h\u00fck\u00fcm bulunmuyor. Ceza infaz ediliyorsa veya adli para cezas\u0131 tahsil a\u015famas\u0131ndaysa s\u00fcre\u00e7 devam eder. Bozma karar\u0131ndan sonra \u00f6denen paran\u0131n iadesi veya fazla \u00e7ekilen s\u00fcrenin tazmini ayr\u0131ca g\u00fcndeme gelir. H\u00fck\u00fcmden sonraki infaz kurallar\u0131 i\u00e7in hapis cezalar\u0131<\/a> yaz\u0131s\u0131na bak\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u0130nfaz a\u015famas\u0131ndaysan\u0131z:<\/strong> kanun yarar\u0131na bozma nedeniyle verilen cezan\u0131n nas\u0131l \u00e7ektirilece\u011fi, ko\u015fullu sal\u0131verilme ve denetimli serbestlik tarihleri hesaplanabilir. \u0130lk g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmede bu tarihleri ve ba\u015fvuru yollar\u0131n\u0131 birlikte \u00e7\u0131karabiliriz; adres ve telefon ileti\u015fim sayfas\u0131<\/a>nda.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    Kanun Yarar\u0131na Bozma \u0130\u00e7in Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m<\/h2>\n
      \n
    1. Karar\u0131n kapsamda oldu\u011funu do\u011frulay\u0131n.<\/strong> Karar kesinle\u015fmi\u015f mi ve istinaf veya temyiz incelemesinden ge\u00e7meden mi kesinle\u015fti? \u00dcst mahkemeden ge\u00e7tiyse CMK 308 veya 308\/A ve di\u011fer yollar ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n
    2. Kesinle\u015fme \u015ferhli \u00f6rne\u011fi al\u0131n.<\/strong> H\u00fckm\u00fc veren mahkemenin kaleminden veya UYAP \u00fczerinden karar\u0131n \u015ferhli \u00f6rne\u011fini edinin.<\/li>\n
    3. Ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 somutla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n.<\/strong> Hangi kanun maddesinin uygulanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 veya yanl\u0131\u015f uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ceza hesab\u0131ndaki hatay\u0131 ya da savunma hakk\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l k\u0131s\u0131tland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a yaz\u0131n.<\/li>\n
    4. Dilek\u00e7eyi Bakanl\u0131\u011fa g\u00f6nderin.<\/strong> Dilek\u00e7e Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na hitaben yaz\u0131l\u0131r; karar\u0131n k\u00fcnyesi, ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k, dayanak maddeler ve talep yer al\u0131r. Ekleri numaraland\u0131r\u0131n.<\/li>\n
    5. Paralel s\u00fcreleri unutmay\u0131n.<\/strong> Bireysel ba\u015fvuru i\u00e7in otuz g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u00fcre, kesin karar\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenilmesinden itibaren i\u015flemeye devam eder.<\/li>\n
    6. Sonucu takip edin.<\/strong> Yarg\u0131tay karar\u0131ndan sonra dosya ilk derece mahkemesine d\u00f6ner; yeniden yarg\u0131lama veya yeni karar gerekiyorsa o mahkemede izlenir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \n

      Pratikte:<\/strong> Dilek\u00e7ede \u201ckarar haks\u0131zd\u0131r\u201d gibi de\u011ferlendirmeler yerine, ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 tek c\u00fcmleyle \u00f6zetleyen bir ba\u015fl\u0131k kullan\u0131n: \u201cDava zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 dolmu\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen mahk\u00fbmiyet h\u00fckm\u00fc kurulmu\u015ftur\u201d veya \u201cAdli para cezas\u0131, kanundaki g\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 a\u015f\u0131larak belirlenmi\u015ftir\u201d gibi. Bakanl\u0131k incelemesi ilk bak\u0131\u015fta bu ba\u015fl\u0131ktan y\u00f6n al\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      Kanun yarar\u0131na bozmaya s\u0131k konu olan ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131klar nelerdir?<\/h2>\n

      Kanun yarar\u0131na bozma, delillerin yeniden takdirini sa\u011flayan bir yol de\u011fildir. Tan\u0131\u011fa inan\u0131lmas\u0131, bilirki\u015fi raporunun benimsenmesi gibi takdire dayal\u0131 tercihler bu yolla genellikle de\u011fi\u015ftirilemez. Yolun i\u015fledi\u011fi alan, kanunun a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a yanl\u0131\u015f uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      \u00d6rnekler: zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 doldu\u011fu h\u00e2lde verilen mahk\u00fbmiyet; su\u00e7 tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte olmayan a\u011f\u0131r bir h\u00fckm\u00fcn uygulanmas\u0131; adli para cezas\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n veya bir g\u00fcn kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kanuni s\u0131n\u0131rlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda belirlenmesi; \u015fik\u00e2yete ba\u011fl\u0131 bir su\u00e7ta \u015fik\u00e2yet olmadan h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131; savunma al\u0131nmadan karar verilmesi; trafik cezas\u0131 itiraz\u0131nda s\u00fcresinde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ba\u015fvurunun s\u00fcre a\u015f\u0131m\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle reddi. Bu t\u00fcr ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131klarda Yarg\u0131tay \u00e7o\u011fu zaman cezay\u0131 kald\u0131rarak veya hafifleterek do\u011frudan karar verir. Basit yarg\u0131lama usul\u00fcndeki itiraz kararlar\u0131 i\u00e7in basit yarg\u0131lama usul\u00fc<\/a> yaz\u0131s\u0131 da faydal\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n

      \u00d6rnek bir kanun yarar\u0131na bozma dosyas\u0131 nas\u0131l ilerler?<\/h2>\n

      Diyelim ki bir san\u0131k, 2012’de i\u015flendi\u011fi iddia edilen ve kanunda hapis ile adli para cezas\u0131 se\u00e7imlik olarak \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen, \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 iki y\u0131l olan bir su\u00e7tan yarg\u0131land\u0131. Dava zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 sekiz y\u0131ld\u0131r; iddianame 2013’te d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi i\u00e7in s\u00fcre kesilmi\u015f, ancak kesilme h\u00e2linde de en fazla on iki y\u0131la uzayabildi\u011finden 2024’te kesin olarak dolmu\u015ftu (TCK 66\/1-e, 67\/4). Mahkeme 2025’te do\u011frudan dokuz bin lira adli para cezas\u0131na h\u00fckmetti. Bu tutar istinaf s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ve hapisten \u00e7evrilmi\u015f bir ceza olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan karar verildi\u011fi g\u00fcn kesinle\u015fti (CMK 272\/3-a).<\/p>\n

      H\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc, kesinle\u015fme \u015ferhli karar\u0131 ve zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 hesab\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren bir tabloyu ekleyerek Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u015fvurur. Bakanl\u0131k talebi yerinde g\u00f6r\u00fcrse Yarg\u0131tay Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6nderir; daire de zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n doldu\u011funu tespit ederse karar\u0131 bozar ve davan\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesine do\u011frudan h\u00fckmedebilir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k cezan\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir (CMK 309\/4-d). Karar kesinle\u015fti\u011finde ar\u015fiv kayd\u0131 da silinir; \u00f6denmi\u015f para cezas\u0131n\u0131n iadesi i\u00e7in ayr\u0131ca ba\u015fvurmak gerekir. Ayn\u0131 ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k mahkemenin kendi dikkatinden ka\u00e7m\u0131\u015fsa, karar\u0131n istinafa kapal\u0131 olmas\u0131 onu hukuka uygun h\u00e2le getirmez; kanun yarar\u0131na bozma tam da bu bo\u015flu\u011fu doldurmak i\u00e7in vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      \"Uygulamada
      Bu Yola S\u0131k Konu Olan Hatalar<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

      Kanun Yarar\u0131na Bozma Hakk\u0131nda Merak Edilenler<\/h2>\n
      \n
      \nDo\u011frudan Yarg\u0131tay’a kanun yarar\u0131na bozma ba\u015fvurusu yapabilir miyim?<\/summary>\n

      Hay\u0131r, yapamazs\u0131n\u0131z. Kanun bu yolu Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 h\u00e2llerde Yarg\u0131tay Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131s\u0131na tan\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Birey Bakanl\u0131\u011fa dilek\u00e7e vererek hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 bildirir; Bakanl\u0131k uygun g\u00f6r\u00fcrse talep Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131k arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Yarg\u0131tay’a g\u00f6nderilir.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

      \nBa\u015fvurum i\u00e7in bir s\u00fcre var m\u0131?<\/summary>\n

      Kanunda bir s\u00fcre \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. Ancak cezan\u0131n infaz\u0131 devam etti\u011fi ve ba\u015fvuru infaz\u0131 kendili\u011finden durdurmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in gecikmek pratikte zarar do\u011furabilir. Ayr\u0131ca bireysel ba\u015fvurunun otuz g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u00fcresi bu yolu beklemeden i\u015flemeye devam eder.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

      \nBeraat karar\u0131m kanun yarar\u0131na bozulursa yeniden yarg\u0131lan\u0131r m\u0131y\u0131m?<\/summary>\n

      Hay\u0131r. Esas\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zen ve mahk\u00fbmiyet d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan bir h\u00fckm\u00fcn kanun yarar\u0131na bozulmas\u0131 aleyhe sonu\u00e7 do\u011furmaz ve yeniden yarg\u0131lamay\u0131 gerektirmez (CMK 309\/4-c). Bozma bu durumda yaln\u0131zca hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n tespiti i\u015flevi g\u00f6r\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

      \nBozmadan sonra ceza artabilir mi?<\/summary>\n

      Artamaz. Mahk\u00fbmiyet h\u00fckm\u00fcnde usule ili\u015fkin bir ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k nedeniyle yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lsa bile, yeni h\u00fck\u00fcmdeki ceza \u00f6ncekinden a\u011f\u0131r olamaz (CMK 309\/4-b). Kanun bu yolu ki\u015finin aleyhine i\u015fleyecek bir ara\u00e7 olarak tasarlamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

      \nBakanl\u0131k talebimi reddederse ne yapabilirim?<\/summary>\n

      Kanunda bu karara kar\u015f\u0131 d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f \u00f6zel bir itiraz yolu yoktur. Yeni bir delil veya farkl\u0131 bir hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k varsa yeni bir dilek\u00e7e sunulabilir. Ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k ayn\u0131 zamanda bir temel hak ihlali niteli\u011findeyse, otuz g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde Anayasa Mahkemesine bireysel ba\u015fvuru de\u011ferlendirilmelidir.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

      \nKanun yarar\u0131na bozma ile yarg\u0131laman\u0131n yenilenmesi aras\u0131ndaki fark nedir?<\/summary>\n

      Kanun yarar\u0131na bozma, mevcut dosyadaki hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczeltir ve Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n takdirine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Yarg\u0131laman\u0131n yenilenmesi ise sahte belge, yeni delil veya A\u0130HM ihlal karar\u0131 gibi kanunda say\u0131lan nedenlerle, h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcn\u00fcn do\u011frudan mahkemeye ba\u015fvurusuyla i\u015fler (CMK 311).<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n

      \n

      Dayanak mevzuat<\/p>\n